For this proficiency,there are three main theories that I state. I somewhat reflect my opinion on this piece but it is opinionated at points. These opinions are not necessarily facts, but more of a thought that is provoked by evidence. Comments and remarks are greatly appreciated and opinions as to why yours contradict mine are also essential to further research. Hope you enjoy.
Theories of the Universe
Chandler Bentley
There are many theories of the universe. Probably the most commonly known theory is the Big Bang Theory. There is also a religious theory called the Creator Theory. But the one that seems very interesting that we don’t pay attention to is the Incredible Bulk. It is essentially the same thing as the Big Bang Theory that leads into the Big Bang. There are slight differences between the two but the same main concept. There are so many theories but some seem more reasonable than others and it’s the concept of how you think of the universe and how you could picture it when everything came into being.
There are many theories about the universe but probably the most commonly known one is the Big Bang Theory. This theory states that before all of the suns and the galaxies were formed, the universe was filled with many sub-microscopic particles. These particles were very densely packed. Then one of these particles exploded and this particle was so densely packed that it created the universe. Now the question is, is this believable? Could a particle the size of dust create what we live in today? Every human looks at things in different prospective. Some people say there is not possible way that such a small piece of matter could explode and create the universe. Others contradict their reasoning. But the thing is, if black holes can fit into such a small particle, there’s nothing that says that one of these particles could have made the universe.
The Biblical Theory, also known as the Creator Theory, states that God created everything. The bible tells us that God created the earth in seven days. But nothing says that he created the universe. God or the god that people say this god is could have just as well created the universe. The Biblical Theory is a believable theory in more ways than one. Many scientist rule against it but they haven’t quite looked in depth about this theory. We humans have just scratched the surface on discovering something that could lead to this being the theory that is proven right. But the problem is will we ever be able to prove any sort of creation of the universe? There is no way to prove that a certain theory is right. For all we know none of our theories could be right.
Probably one of the most underestimated theories is The Incredible Bulk Theory. This theory is essentially the same thing as the Big Bang Theory. It starts off the same way in the sense that before everything, tiny particles were just floating around in the universe. But the two theories part in their separate directions. The Incredible Bulk Theory states that two of these sub-microscopic particles collided and exploded. The two theories both state that the universe was created by these sub-microscopic particles but both are different in their separate ways.
The contradiction between these two is how many particles were involved in the start. Now the Big Bang Theory has gotten the most recognition considering it was one of the first believable theories. But do we really believe that one day, some particle just randomly exploded. Even Newton’s First Law states that an object in motion will stay in motion and an object a rest will stay at rest unless an unbalanced force acts upon it. If this theory is true wouldn’t that mean that the Big Bang Theory is proven wrong? Unless something was changing in that little ball, the theory is theoretically proven wrong.
The Incredible Bulk Theory makes more sense. If two particles with atomic energy inside of them, when they collide, they would create a nuclear explosion. This is a more reasonable theory. Could this theory have to do with any of the other theories? The Biblical Theory seems like a reasonable theory but we haven’t even looked at the down side to these theories. We don’t seem to pay attention to any of the things that could prove these theories wrong, and that is how we will eventually narrow down our choices to many fewer theories but there are even more theories to come.
All of these theories come to a halt when proof is no longer an option because there is no further proof on how the universe started. The thing to wonder about is could all of these theories be strung into one. There could always be the idea that God made the Incredible Bulk and the Big Bang happen. But all our discoveries come to an abrupt stop when humans cannot prove anything further and science sets us back from the proof of one of these theories really existing.
Frank, Adam. "3 Theories That Might Blow Up the Big Bang | Cosmology | DISCOVER Magazine ." Science and Technology News, Science Articles | Discover Magazine . N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2011.
"The Big Bang - NASA Science." NASA Science. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2011. .`
Proficiency 2 - UFOs
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Dark Matter on Prezi
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Comets, Meteors, Asteroids, and Moon
Chandler Bentley
The solar system is filled with many things including comets, meteors, asteroids, and moons. But people commonly get these four confused. Even though these are masses of rock, ice, etc, there are clear differences between these four. We confuse these three often and do not take the time to realize the real differences between these. Although they might be slight, the differences are clear and make them three different masses in space.
Even though comets are just balls of ice or dust, we commonly get them confused with meteors. Comets come from two main places. The Oort Cloud and the Kuiper Belt. The Oort Cloud is almost like a halo surrounding our solar system while the Kuiper Belt is a ring of icy masses just beyond Neptune’s Orbit. All comets also have nucleuses. These nuclei are made up of hard rock or ice. With all of our knowledge of comets, we have realized through space technology, we have learned much more than ever imagined in our lifetime.
With all of this technology, we have learned much more about the comet. As the comet nears the sun, solar energy begins to heat the nucleus and vaporizes it. Gas flies off the comet and at times, is powerful enough to break the nucleus apart. The gas acts as a cloud around the nucleus called the coma. When this happens, some of this gas is stripped of its electrons which are blown back by the solar wind. This forms and ion tail that is more visible to the naked eye than with a telescope or an assist to the eye. This tail can be millions of miles long. After many passes by the sun, the comet does not have enough material to form a tail and looks more like an asteroid.
Asteroids might be one of the most commonly known out of these four. We most commonly think of asteroids as being just balls of rock floating around in an orbit between Mars and Jupiter. Essentially, asteroids are small rocky objects in the Solar System. Although they are categorized as small objects, the biggest asteroid observed by scientist was names Ceres and was approximately 580 miles in diameter. Although this is an asteroid of immense proportions, the smallest asteroid they have ever observed was 10 meters in diameter. Although the smallest observed was about 10 meters in diameters, there are probably many more rocks in space that are much smaller than this rock.
There is also an orbit of asteroids that follow Jupiter’s orbit but stay about 60 degrees away from Jupiter at all times. The Near-Earth Asteroids orbit in the area of the rocky terrestrial planets. Scientists believe that total mass of all of the asteroids is less than the mass of the moon. Even though asteroids are the same in many ways, all asteroids seem different in their own respective ways. Malithe, an asteroid, is very light and are described as rubber piles made up of many atoms loosely held together. There are other types of asteroids too including the metallic Kleopatra. Some asteroids have small moons or travel in equal-size pairs. Unlike the planets, asteroids are usually oblong and not shaped like a sphere. This is because of the countless collisions with other space objects and the lack of strong enough gravity to pull itself back into a spherical shape. Although the asteroid seems big in perspective to a city, it is not visible to the naked eye and can only be seen with a telescope or binoculars.
Although meteors are mistaken for comets, we know them mainly as shooting stars. Even though these pea sized particles to us are considered wishing stars, they actually pose a little bit of a threat to us as people. Meteors are actually pea size particles of inner-planetary dust that burns up when they hit the earth atmosphere. Meteor showers are commonly known but not many people know what a meteor shower actually. A meteor shower occurs when Earth passes through an orbital path of a comet that has left a lot of dust particles behind. Earth just goes right through the dust which then, forms meteors when they hit Earth’s atmosphere.
On occasion, a meteor will fall through the Earth’s atmosphere causing a very bright streak across the sky called a fireball. Even though comets look almost identical to these fireballs, they are different. Comets do not streak across the sky quickly. Often, comets will be visible for many days. Some of these fireballs are not completely vaporized either and hit Earth’s surface. When this occurs, the meteor turns into a meteorite.
Meteorites can range in sizes from small to large. Some have greater impact than others but most have little impact. Most are meteors that have successfully made it into the Earth’s atmosphere without burning up but they can also be asteroids. An asteroid is technically defined as an object that originated in space that withstood the impact of the Earth’s surface. Although there are meteorites, there aren’t very many asteroids considering that Earth’s atmosphere usually burns up the asteroid/meteor before it hits the Earth.
Meteorites are categorized into two categories. These categories are chondrites and achondrites. About 86% of meteorites are chondrites which are names for the small, round particles that they contain. These particles (also known as chondrules) are made up of silicate minerals that have melted while still roaming in space. About 8% of these meteorites are achondrites which are just the opposite of chondrites meaning that they don’t have chondrules. 5% of these meteorites are iron meteorites and the last 1% are Stoney-Iron Meteorites.
Moons are one of the few things in space that almost everyone knows are in existence. With all of our technology to this day, we have found out a lot more about moons except the fact that they’re round balls of rock. That’s pretty self explanatory to say the least. The moon that we think of the most is obviously the moon that orbits our earth and is called “moon” to us. Another name that we use hardly at all and is debatable if fifty percent of the people know that its other name is Luna.
Although Earth has a moon, many other planets have many more moons than just one. While the Earth has one moon, planets like Saturn have sixty-two and Jupiter has sixty-three. Now if we really think deeper, this isn’t just a coincidence. As you go out farther into the Solar System, the outer planets have more moons than the inner planets. This is because the outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) are bigger. Therefore, they have a greater gravitational pull. This would be the main reason that they have more moons than the inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars) have.
Although there are many other ways moons are formed, Earth’s moon has a hypothesis on how it was formed too. The leading hypothesis of Luna’s formation is that in the Earth’s late creation stages. With other small planetary bodies forming too, one of these hit the Earth. A little bit of this debris started to orbit around Earth. After many years, this debris formed into a group and created the moon.
Although there are still question about these four forms of mass in our Solar System, we have answered many of these questions. There are many more questions to be answered about these and there are more to come too. Although we have a very good idea on what are the major differences and similarities between these four rock forms, we are yet to figure out those little difference and similarities between the two. If we really look deeper into these objects in the Solar System, we would really figure out the how unique these forms of mass in our universe are but until then, we will never know the true identity of these interesting objects.
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